Con el objetivo de reducir la ansiedad en los niños y resolver las inquietudes que puede generar el proceso quirúrgico en ellos y en sus familiares, se ha publicado el cuento “1, 2, 3…a dormir. La historia de la operación de Neri”, en el que a través de su protagonista, Neri, se relata todo el proceso al que se somete un niño desde que recibe un diagnóstico por parte de su pediatra le deriva al cirujano y preparan el plan a seguir; pasando por la intervención, haciendo especial hincapié en la anestesia y finalizando con la recuperación y alta del paciente.
El cuento, que comienza con una carta dirigida a los padres, ha sido creado por el Departamento de anestesiología, reanimación y tratamiento del dolor (DARYD) del Hospital Universitario Dexeus-Grupo Quirónsalud a partir de una idea de la Dra. Mary Hady Hidalgo, anestesióloga adjunta de este Departamento, quien observó la necesidad de crear un material específico dirigido a los niños, dados los múltiples beneficios que se asocian a una buena preparación antes de una intervención quirúrgica: menor ansiedad, menor dolor, menor necesidad de fármacos, estancia hospitalaria y postoperatorio más cortos, entre muchos otros.
La compañía biofarmacéutica AbbVie, en su compromiso con mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, de su familia y de su entorno, ha colaborado en la producción de la obra, que ha contado con la participación activa y multidisciplinar de la Fundación Quirónsalud, así como del Departamento de pediatría y equipo de psicología infanto-juvenil y el Servicio de psicología de la Unidad de patología del crecimiento del mismo Hospital.
La cirugía es uno de los procedimientos médicos más atemorizantes, generando dificultades en la alimentación, problemas del sueño, reaparición de conductas propias de etapas evolutivas anteriores, depresión y somatizaciones (Zetterström). De hecho, hasta un 60 % de estos niños experimentan ansiedad significativa en el período preoperatorio y durante la inducción de la anestesia (Zeev N. Kain).
Diferentes estudios corroboran que la preparación preoperatoria de los niños y de sus padres, reduce la ansiedad y el miedo en los niños antes de pasar por el quirófano. Esto comporta menor dolor, menor necesidad de fármacos y postoperatorio más corto. La preparación preoperatoria consiste en dotarles información comprensible en relación a todo el proceso, la cual puede materializarse de diversas maneras: libros, guías, cuentos, visitas al quirófano etc.
El cuento puede descargarse en pdf en anestesiadexeus.com.
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